Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)
PCBs stands for Polychlorinated Biphenyls. PCBs belong to a broad family of man-made organic chemicals that are toxic. The full extent and risk of PCBs are still being studied, but a significant amount of research has found that they have various negative effects on both humans and the environment. Since the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) banned them in 1979, PCBs are no longer commonly manufactured in the United States. However, since they don’t readily break down, they can still be present in many materials and areas.
PCBs were used for a wide variety of commercial applications which include
- Electrical, heat transfers, and hydraulic equipment (as an oil additive)
- Plasticizers in plastics, paints, caulking, and rubber products.
- Fluorescent light ballasts
- Thermal insulation material including fiberglass, felt, foam, and cork
- Adhesives/tapes
- Carbonless copy paper
PCBs are associated with a wide variety of adverse health effects. They have been shown to cause cancer (carcinogenic) but are also associated with non-cancerous health effects. Health impacts of PCBs include, but are not limited to, negative effects on the following systems:
- Immune system Reproductive system
- Nervous system
- Endocrine system
- Dermal (skin) system
- Circulatory (blood) system
- Ocular (eye) organs
Any impact on one system in your body can negatively affect other systems.
The primary route of occupational exposure to PCBs is through skin absorption. Leaks or releases from electrical equipment containing PCBs can contaminate building materials and soil. Once in the environment, PCBs do not readily break down.
The hazards of PCBs can be mitigated in multiple ways, but the primary concerns when handling PCB-containing products are dermal (skin) contact and inhalation. To mitigate these effects use approved gloves and good ventilation. If additional ventilation is not feasible in the affected area, contact the EHSS Environmental Health Manager to obtain an approved respirator. If PCBs are particularly abundant in the work area wear a Tyvek suit and dispose of it as hazardous waste in a sealed container. Pay attention to any signage on campus that may indicate the presence of PCBs in areas or equipment. Dielectric oils should be tested for PCBs prior to disposal. Reach out to EHSS if you have any questions or concerns.